import { RacingDomainValidationError } from '../errors/RacingDomainError'; export class CarId { private constructor(private readonly value: string) {} static create(value: string): CarId { if (!value || value.trim().length === 0) { throw new RacingDomainValidationError('Car ID cannot be empty'); } return new CarId(value.trim()); } toString(): string { return this.value; } equals(other: CarId): boolean { return this.value === other.value; } }